Barriers to Implementing Total Quality Management in Libyan Higher Education: An Evaluative Study

Abstract

This research identifies Total Quality Management (TQM) practices within the Libyan higher education sector and examines the critical deficiencies hindering their implementation. By analyzing the correlation between TQM adoption and essential success factors, the study addresses the strategic necessity of improving academic quality and operational efficiency in response to competitive, market-oriented trends. Although TQM has achieved documented success in commercial and industrial sectors, its application within higher education presents complex challenges rooted in diverse operational activities, specialized professional roles, and rigid institutional structures. 

The study utilizes a descriptive-analytical design, employing a five-part questionnaire to evaluate the institutional profile and the current state of quality management at the University of Mohammed bin Ali Snoussi, Libya. Findings indicate that a systemic lack of guidance and specialized training in operational quality models significantly contributes to the depletion of time, financial resources, and human capital. Furthermore, the study underscores that effective quality project management requires the precise application of skills and techniques to meet quality standards while adhering to strict execution timelines and budget constraints. The research concludes by proposing a context-specific framework to overcome identified barriers and foster a culture of continuous institutional improvement.