The Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on the Agricultural Sector in Southern Libya

Abstract

The agricultural sector in southern Libya faces existential challenges from water scarcity, climate change, and unreliable energy infrastructure. This mini review examines the potential of renewable energy technologies sparticularly solar and wind power to transform agricultural production in the Fezzan region. Analysis of climatological data reveals that southern Libya receives exceptional solar irradiation exceeding 7 kWh/m²/day, creating optimal conditions for photovoltaic applications. Recent initiatives, including the Wafa Fezzan solar installation project and photovoltaic water pumping systems at the Sahara Research Center, demonstrate technical feasibility and economic viability. However, significant barriers persist: high upfront capital costs, limited technical capacity, institutional fragmentation, and data scarcity due to civil conflict in terms of security. The review synthesizes evidence from peer-reviewed studies and policy documents to evaluate both opportunities and challenges. It concludes that renewable energy integration offers a pathway to climate-resilient agriculture in southern Libya, provided that implementation strategies address land-use trade-offs, ensure smallholder accessibility, and align with sustainable water management practices.